Cropland Data Layer 10 m

USDA

Description

This dataset characterises the land surface into cropland and non-cropland land cover classes at 10 m spatial resolution. Coverage is for the conterminous United States annually from 2024 onwards. Pixels are assigned one of 135 land cover classes and an associated confidence score.

Dataset ID
84f5bd14…
Category
Land use & land cover
Type
Raster
CRS
Albers Equal Area Conic
Spatial coverage
Conterminous US
Spatial resolution
10 m
Temporal coverage
2024+
Temporal resolution
Annual

Usage notes

New time points are delivered annually in Q1 for the previous year. Spatial coverage is limited to the conterminous United States. Data from 2008-2023 is available from the Cropland Data Layer 30 m dataset. Classifications are optimised for agricultural land cover, with non-agricultural land cover classes derived from the USGS National Land Cover Database. For non-agricultural use cases, consider using the Annual National Land Cover Database directly.

Variables

land_cover_class

Typefloat32NoData0

Description

Index of the predicted land cover class. Predictions are made using decision tree classifiers trained on USDA Farm Service Agency Common Land Unit and USGS National Land Cover Database data, using Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite data.

Usage notes

Indexes represent one of 135 land cover classes with an emphasis on crop-specific classifications. Overall accuracy for crop classes in 2024 is 78%, but crop-specific accuracy is not reported. Accuracy of non-agricultural land cover classes is dependent on National Land Cover Database accuracy. For non-agricultural use cases, consider using the Annual National Land Cover Database directly.

IndexCategoryName
0No dataBackground
1CropsCorn
2CropsCotton
3CropsRice
4CropsSorghum
5CropsSoybeans
6CropsSunflower
10CropsPeanuts
11CropsTobacco
12CropsSweet Corn
13CropsPop or Orn Corn
14CropsMint
21CropsBarley
22CropsDurum Wheat
23CropsSpring Wheat
24CropsWinter Wheat
25CropsOther Small Grains
26CropsDouble Crop Winter Wheat/Soybeans
27CropsRye
28CropsOats
29CropsMillet
30CropsSpeltz
31CropsCanola
32CropsFlaxseed
33CropsSafflower
34CropsRape Seed
35CropsMustard
36CropsAlfalfa
37CropsOther Hay/Non Alfalfa
38CropsCamelina
39CropsBuckwheat
41CropsSugarbeets
42CropsDry Beans
43CropsPotatoes
44CropsOther Crops
45CropsSugarcane
46CropsSweet Potatoes
47CropsMiscellaneous Vegetables & Fruits
48CropsWatermelons
49CropsOnions
50CropsCucumbers
51CropsChick Peas
52CropsLentils
53CropsPeas
54CropsTomatoes
55CropsCaneberries
56CropsHops
57CropsHerbs
58CropsClover/Wildflowers
59CropsSod/Grass Seed
60CropsSwitchgrass
61Non-cropFallow/Idle Cropland
62Non-cropPasture/Grass
63Non-cropForest
64Non-cropShrubland
65Non-cropBarren
66CropsCherries
67CropsPeaches
68CropsApples
69CropsGrapes
70CropsChristmas Trees
71CropsOther Tree Crops
72CropsCitrus
74CropsPecans
75CropsAlmonds
76CropsWalnuts
77CropsPears
81OtherClouds/No Data
82OtherDeveloped
83OtherWater
87OtherWetlands
88OtherNon Agricultural/Undefined
92OtherAquaculture
111NLCD-derivedOpen Water
112NLCD-derivedPerennial Ice/Snow
121NLCD-derivedDeveloped/Open Space
122NLCD-derivedDeveloped/Low Intensity
123NLCD-derivedDeveloped/Med Intensity
124NLCD-derivedDeveloped/High Intensity
131NLCD-derivedBarren
141NLCD-derivedDeciduous Forest
142NLCD-derivedEvergreen Forest
143NLCD-derivedMixed Forest
152NLCD-derivedShrubland
176NLCD-derivedGrassland/Pasture
190NLCD-derivedWoody Wetlands
195NLCD-derivedHerbaceous Wetlands
204CropsPistachios
205CropsTriticale
206CropsCarrots
207CropsAsparagus
208CropsGarlic
209CropsCantaloupes
210CropsPrunes
211CropsOlives
212CropsOranges
213CropsHoneydew Melons
214CropsBroccoli
215CropsAvocados
216CropsPeppers
217CropsPomegranates
218CropsNectarines
219CropsGreens
220CropsPlums
221CropsStrawberries
222CropsSquash
223CropsApricots
224CropsVetch
225CropsDouble Crop Winter Wheat/Corn
226CropsDouble Crop Oats/Corn
227CropsLettuce
228CropsDouble Crop Triticale/Corn
229CropsPumpkins
230CropsDouble Crop Lettuce/Durum Wheat
231CropsDouble Crop Lettuce/Cantaloupe
232CropsDouble Crop Lettuce/Cotton
233CropsDouble Crop Lettuce/Barley
234CropsDouble Crop Durum Wheat/Sorghum
235CropsDouble Crop Barley/Sorghum
236CropsDouble Crop Winter Wheat/Sorghum
237CropsDouble Crop Barley/Corn
238CropsDouble Crop Winter Wheat/Cotton
239CropsDouble Crop Soybeans/Cotton
240CropsDouble Crop Soybeans/Oats
241CropsDouble Crop Corn/Soybeans
242CropsBlueberries
243CropsCabbage
244CropsCauliflower
245CropsCelery
246CropsRadishes
247CropsTurnips
248CropsEggplants
249CropsGourds
250CropsCranberries
254CropsDouble Crop Barley/Soybeans

land_cover_confidence

Typefloat32NoData0Units%

Description

Percent confidence for land cover class classification.

Usage notes

Values represent the multiprobability of a correct classification, not absolute accuracy. Pixels with low confidence can still be correctly classified. Multiple crops with similar spectral signatures can result in tied confidence scores across classes. Values are stored as int8 but delivered as float32 to support null values.

Pricing

This dataset has no data acquisition cost.

Resources

Provider

USDA

www.usda.gov

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the U.S. federal agency responsible for developing and executing policy on farming, agriculture, forestry, rural economic development, and food.

National Agricultural Statistics Service

www.nass.usda.gov

The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) is the statistical agency within USDA responsible for producing official data about U.S. agriculture. NASS conducts research and provides reports on agricultural production, economics, demographics, and environmental resources. The Cropland Data Layer programme provides annual crop-specific land cover data for agricultural monitoring across the United States.